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Abstract

FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TOPICAL GEL OF ACYCLOVIR

Ankita Namdeo Shende*, C.R. Doijad, Sachin B Dudhe

Maharashtra Institute of Pharmacy, Betala, Bramhapuri, Maharashtra

ABSTRACT

This study comprehensively characterizes Acyclovir and its formulations, elucidating their physical and chemical properties, solubility behavior, formulation attributes, and drug release kinetics. Acyclovir, a white crystalline powder, exhibits odorlessness and a bitter taste. It shows varying solubility in different solvents, is slightly soluble in water, soluble in hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solutions, and sparingly soluble in ethanol and methanol. It demonstrates a consistent melting point (254-256°C), with FT-IR spectra revealing characteristic peaks corresponding to functional groups. Moisture content is low (0.109%), and linear regression analysis shows a strong relationship between concentration and absorbance. Characterization of Acyclovir-loaded invasomes formulations indicates variability in entrapment efficiency and vesicle size. The optimized invasomes formulation (F5) shows a vesicle size of 210.32 nm, an entrapment efficiency of 75.65%, and a zeta potential of -37.45 mV. Further characterization of invasomes gel formulations (IG-1, IG-2, IG-3) includes viscosity, pH, drug content, extrudability, and spreadability assessments. The in vitro release study of the optimized gel formulation (IG-2) demonstrates sustained release characteristics, with regression analysis supporting various kinetic models. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into Acyclovir's pharmaceutical development, highlighting its potential in treating various conditions.

Keywords: Acyclovir, physical properties, chemical properties, solubility, formulation, drug release kinetics, invasomes, gel formulation, pharmaceutical development.


[Full Text Article]