Abstract

A REVIEW ON TUBERCULOSIS

Zain Ahmed Aadil, Saurabh Sharma*, Naimish Nanda, Sandip Prasad Tiwari

Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalinga University, Naya Raipur, Chhattisgarh India (492101)

ABSTRACT

Given that molecular evidence for tuberculosis (TB) dates back more than 17,000 years, TB is one of the oldest diseases known to man. TB is one of the top 10 infectious diseases that kill people globally, second only to HIV, and despite improved diagnostic and treatment methods, sadly, people continue to suffer from it. Global tuberculosis (TB) pandemic, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Among those living with HIV, it is the main cause of death. Historically, India's battle against tuberculosis can be divided into three main phases: the pre-independence era, which occurred before the development of x-rays and chemotherapy; the post-independence era, which saw the establishment and implementation of national TB control initiatives; and the present era, which is marked by the continuous implementation of TB control initiatives with support from the WHO. As of right now, India's DOTS (directly observed therapy-short course) program is the second largest in terms of population coverage and the fastest-growing program globally in terms of patients started on treatment. As of right now, India's DOTS (directly observed therapy-short course) program is the second largest in terms of population coverage and the fastest growing program globally in terms of patients started on treatment. The spread of HIV infection, inadequate primary healthcare infrastructure in rural areas of many states, unregulated private health care that leads to the widespread and irrational use of first- and second-line anti-TB drugs, a lack of political will, and, most importantly, corrupt administration are the main obstacles to the control of tuberculosis in India.

Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Bacterium, Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI), MDR/XDR-TB, DOTS