Abstract

OVERVIEW ON MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT OF PSORIASIS

Habib Mohammed Mahdi, Salisu Lawan, Ajimi Lawan, Sandip Prasad Tiwari*

Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalinga University, Naya Raipur, Chhattisgarh India (492101)

ABSTRACT

Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory skin disorder characterized by erythematous plaques with silvery scales, affecting approximately 2-3% of the global population. The management and treatment of psoriasis are multifaceted, involving both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches tailored to disease severity, patient comorbidities, and quality of life. First-line treatments for mild to moderate psoriasis typically include topical agents such as corticosteroids, vitamin D analogs, and calcineurin inhibitors. Phototherapy, particularly narrowband UVB, is effective for widespread or resistant disease. For moderate to severe psoriasis, systemic therapies are employed, including traditional agents like methotrexate, cyclosporine, and acitretin, which have well-documented efficacy but also notable side effects. In recent years, biologic therapies have revolutionized the treatment landscape, targeting specific immune pathways involved in psoriasis pathogenesis. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, interleukin-12/23 inhibitors, interleukin-17 inhibitors, and interleukin-23 inhibitors have shown remarkable efficacy and safety profiles in clinical trials and real-world settings. Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors represent a newer class of oral medications offering another therapeutic option. Adjunctive lifestyle modifications, including weight management, smoking cessation, and stress reduction, are crucial components of comprehensive care. Patient education and psychosocial support are essential to address the significant psychological burden associated with psoriasis. Regular monitoring and a personalized, patient-centered approach are vital to optimizing treatment outcomes and minimizing adverse effects.

Keywords: Psoriasis, Autoimmune, Topical treatments, Phototherapy.