Abstract

BRUCELLA CANIS: UNDERSTANDING THE TRANSMISSION, INFECTION AND MANAGEMENT OF BRUCELLOSIS CANINE IN PUBLIC HEALTH

Alhaji saleh Isyaku, Ahmad lawan Abba, Amadu Mohammed, Sandip Prasad Tiwari*

Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalinga University, Naya Raipur, Chhattisgarh India (492101)

ABSTRACT

Transmission of Brucella canis to humans typically occurs through contact with infected dogs or their fluids, or via direct exposure in laboratories. The zoonotic risk is notably high for individuals handling breeding dogs in kennels or coming into contact with infected animals, although transmission in other situations is believed to be uncommon. We report a rare outbreak of brucellosis caused by B. canis, which, to our knowledge, is the first documented case in the literature. This outbreak affected six individuals (three children and three adults), a female dog, and three puppies with whom the family had close daily interaction. Brucella canis is a bacterium that primarily affects dogs, causing canine brucellosis, a contagious infection with potential implications for public health. This abstract provides an overview of the infection, its transmission, symptoms, and preventive measures. Canine brucellosis is mainly transmitted through contact with infected bodily fluids and can lead to reproductive issues in dogs, such as infertility and abortion. While rare, brucella canis can also be transmitted to humans, leading to flu-like symptoms. Responsible dog breeders should regularly test their animals and take precautions no prevent the spread of the infection. Public health authorities play a vital role in monitoring and controlling the transmission of brucella canis. Understanding and adhering to preventive measures can help protect both animal and human health. Precautions.No clinical signs are pathognomonic of canine brucellosis, although reproductive failure and infertility should be suspected. Transmission is mainly through contact with vaginal discharges, abortion materials and fluids of bitches and semen and/or urine of males. Since clinical examinations are inadequate for diagnosis, isolation of the organism and serological tests are the only reliable way to confirm a presumptive diagnosis. In this case the bitch had a history of abortion 3 years previously, gave birth to weak puppies which died after 3 days one year later, but was never diagnosed with brucellosis. Of the last pregnancy in 2008, two puppies were born dead and three (two males, one female) were apparently normal.

Keywords: Brucellosis, Coccobacilli, Genotypes, Lymphadenopathy