Abstract

STEROIDAL SAPONIN FROM THE ROOTS OF MOMORDICA CHARANTIA

K. Shrivastava*

Department of Chemistry
Govt. M.L.B. Girls College Bhopal (M.P.), INDIA

ABSTRACT

The Momordica charantia is known as ‘ karela’ in Hindi and is found through-out in India and also cultivated in the country as a vegetable crop.The roots were extracted and extract were concentrared to a viscous mass and tested to respond the positive tests for saponin(s), than subjected to TLC, when two spots were seen. It was therefore, subjected to the column chromatography and both the compounds were separated. Eluates from chloroform:methanol (3:2) of same Rf values were combined.removal of the solvent yielded a pure compound in white yellow needles shape with the molecular formula C46H76O14 , m.p.146-148˚, and M+ = 852.It was responded to all the tests of saponin. The saponin gave positive Molisch’s test for glycoside and was hydrolysed by sulphuric acid , sapogenin were precipitated out. The structure of saponin as well as structure of sapogenin and sugar moieties were identified by using physico – chemical methods like UV, IR, NMR and MASS spectrum.The roots of Momordica charantia were found to contain a new steroidal saponin identified as ; stigmast-5,17(20)-dien-3- 0-β-D- arabinofuranosyl(1→4)-O-α-L-rhamnipyranosyl(1→4)-O-α-Dglucopyranoside.

Keywords: Saponin, sapogenin, glycoside, moieties, enzyme, eluates,